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Global Value Chains and the Power of Multinational Enterprises (MNEs)

Global value chains and fast‑fashion business models do not just “reflect” child labour in countries like Bangladesh – they help design it into the system. Research by Eshanee Singh, Michael Nielsen and the CLARISSA programme shows how multinational buyers, through relentless pressure for lower prices and faster production, push risks and costs down onto informal workshops and necessity‑driven family businesses, where employing children often becomes the only way to survive. Instead of treating child labour as a distant cultural problem, this work makes clear that it is a predictable outcome of corporate decisions in boardrooms and purchasing offices, and that real change will come only when citizens, consumers and investors demand supply chains that value children’s lives more than shareholders’ dividends.

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Corporate Power, Global Value Chains and Child Labour in Bangladesh

Global value chains and multinational enterprises hold enormous power over labour practices in Bangladesh’s garment and leather industries. As responsibility for working conditions shifts from the state toward corporate social responsibility, under resourced labour inspectorates and export dependent strategies leave child labour embedded in business models.
This post uses Michael E. Nielsen’s 2005 analysis and CLARISSA’s research to show how precarious contracts, foreign loans, rising material costs and fragmented supply chains push informal enterprises to cut labour costs by relying on children. It argues that corporate acceptance of “that’s just the way things are done over there” hides the real drivers of child labour and that both nation states and corporations must change how they structure production if they are serious about ending exploitation.

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Invisible Hours: Child Labour in Bangladesh’s Toxic Informal Economy

Child labour in Bangladesh remains widespread, especially in the informal economy and leather industry, where children work extreme hours in toxic, hazardous conditions for less than US$2 a day. Drawing on a 2024 UNICEF report, a five year CLARISSA study, and a foundational ILO assessment of push and pull factors, this post explains why Bangladesh is a child labour hot spot and how poverty, poor health, and employer demand keep children trapped in dangerous work instead of school.
Excerpt
Child labour in Bangladesh has not disappeared—it has shifted into the informal economy, where children work long hours in toxic, unsafe conditions for very low pay. A 2024 UNICEF report shows that child labour rates remain significantly high, while a five year CLARISSA study reveals that 27% of workers in small leather enterprises are children handling chemicals, heavy loads, and dangerous machinery.
This post also revisits a key 1997 ILO assessment of push and pull factors that explains why poverty, poor health, disaster, and employer demand continue to drive children into hazardous work instead of school. Together, these findings show why Bangladesh remains a hot spot for child labour and why solutions must address both household poverty and the structure of informal labour markets.

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Child Labour in Fast Fashion: How Our Clothing Choices Harm Children

Fast fashion isn’t just cheap—it’s costing children their childhoods. From cotton fields to perfume flowers to luxury jewelry, kids are working long hours in dangerous conditions so brands can protect profits. Learn how the fashion industry still relies on child labour and what you can do to stop it.

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Self-Destructive Habits of Institutions

Using KARA’s friend Ned’s “backwards car” analogy, this post explains how Child Protective Services is structured to protect its own bureaucracy rather than children. Conflicts of interest, secrecy, and missing metrics mean CPS often produces what it was designed to stop. The fix starts with transparency and informed legislators.

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Best and Worst States for Very Young Children in CPS: New Data on Risk, Failures, and Hope

This article uses NCANDS data to identify the best and worst states for very young children in CPS, highlighting where infants and toddlers face the greatest risk of severe harm or death and how troubled, overwhelmed child protection systems are struggling with heavy caseloads and too few resources. It points lawmakers, advocates, and communities toward more transparent CPS reporting, stronger early childhood support, and data driven reforms that can actually protect kids and support families.

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Misconceptions About CPS and Child Welfare: What the Research Really Shows

Child Protective Services (CPS) is one of the most criticized institutions in our communities, yet much of what people believe about CPS simply isn’t true. Research summarized by Safe Passage for Children of Minnesota and child welfare scholars debunks common myths about surveillance bias, racial disparities, poverty versus neglect, the effectiveness of evidence‑based treatments, and the impact of foster care on children’s lives. This post highlights what the data actually show and why understanding these misconceptions is crucial for building more child‑centric policies, supporting stressed CPS workers, and protecting abused and neglected children more effectively.

Illustration of trauma's impact on person, family, and people, emphasizing decontextualization over time.

Northeastern University Study on the Child Welfare Crisis With Projections

Official child welfare numbers may capture only part of the crisis. This analysis explains how poverty, Family Assessment practices, underreporting, misreporting, and weak transparency can hide the true scale of harm to children—and why future projections must account for what the system fails to record.

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Deep Dive Into Northeastern University Child Welfare Crisis Research

This deep dive expands on KARA’s child welfare crisis post by walking through five Northeastern University capstone projects. Together, they use national data, infant mortality models, county level forecasting, and poverty analysis to show where children are most at risk—and how KARA AND YOU can use this research to drive policy change.

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Creating Local Events For Child Advocacy

For child advocates supporting child advocacy organizations, local events can turn concern for abused and neglected children into real, repeatable engagement. The challenge is creating gatherings that are welcoming and energizing while still trauma informed, privacy safe, and grounded in child welfare priorities, especially with limited budgets and complex systems. This post lays out multiple event models—walks and rallies, arts and healing gatherings, youth leadership labs, policy facing tours, neighborhood family nights, learning series, and pop up outreach at existing festivals—that are practical and doable with modest resources. It also emphasizes designing for engagement beyond headcount, using hands on formats and small “do one thing today” actions so one well planned event becomes the starting point for stronger partnerships and coordinated advocacy for children.

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Advocating for Child Protection in Everyday Life

Advocating for child protection doesn’t have to mean big campaigns or formal roles. This post shares simple, creative ways to weave child protection into everyday life—through conversations, community art, book discussions, resource sharing, and small “micro advocacy” projects. It includes a step by step starter plan, practical action ideas, and tips for finding trustworthy child safety resources so advocacy feels human, local, and sustainable.

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Modern Slavery in the UK: How the Law Still Fails Children

Modern slavery did not end with history books. The UK Modern Slavery Act was meant to protect victims and hold traffickers accountable, yet thousands of children remain exploited, re trafficked, and left without real support. This KARA post explains how the law works, where it fails child victims, and what advocates say must change—plus concrete ways you can help push systems toward real protection.

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Ethan’s Story: How Foster Care Failed a Traumatized Child

Ethan’s story follows one boy taken from his parents into foster care, abused in placement, struggling with guilt and suicidality, and now facing adulthood alone. His journey exposes how often our foster care system fails traumatized children—and why changing life for foster youth will take all of us.

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One Safe Adult, One Stable Place: The Hidden Power of Stability for Children

Children carrying high Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) live in constant survival mode. Stable homes, consistent caregiving, and trauma-informed schools can lower toxic stress, repair trust, and rebuild hope. This article explains why stability is a core intervention—and how adults and communities can help at-risk youth heal and thrive.

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Five Daily Habits That Help Traumatized Children Feel Safe at Home

Kids who’ve survived abuse or neglect don’t need perfect parents—they need calm, repeatable habits that make home feel safe. This guide explains five daily practices that lower reactivity, build trust, and help traumatized children feel safe at home, plus clear signs of trauma and next step resources for families.

Children of diverse backgrounds holding hands around Earth.

“Child Labor in Cocoa Farming in West Africa: How Chocolate Fuels Abuse—and How We Can Help

It is an open secret that child labour is rampant throughout the supply chains of major chocolate brands like Nestle, Mars and Ferrero. Despite international guidelines and targets to eradicate child labour, a lack of political will and lack of strict corporate legal responsibility enables the continued use of child labour.

Children of diverse backgrounds holding hands around Earth.

Children & War Winter 2026

Invisible children in global armed conflicts face flagrant violations of their right to life, safety and protection. Violence is inflicted directly on children and/or children face emotional and mental trauma from being ripped apart from their families, homes and chance at a prosperous future. Despite awareness of this, there is a lack of political will to take action. The following news articles details the how the world is failing to protect children in times of armed global conflicts and steps taken by some to remedy the situation.

World – “World is failing to protect children from the horrors of war”.

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Labor Laws (Netherlands) & Civil Rights For Children

The Netherlands’ Child Labor Due Diligence Act puts a legal duty on companies to make sure their supply chains are free from child labor. It aims to stop goods and services produced with child labor from entering the Dutch market, but raises questions about children’s civil rights, enforcement, competition, and how far corporate responsibility really goes.​ A deeper dive for those who want more detail is linked here.

Illustration of trauma's impact on person, family, and people, emphasizing decontextualization over time.

International Child Abuse Reporting

The following articles illustrates how government policy and law has yet again failed to ensure the safety and well-being of children. Children continue to face sexual abuse, gendered based violence and health crises, among other disastrous circumstances. Advocacy by civil society and humanitarian aid is essential in order to support one of the more vulnerable populations of society.

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The Netherlands Child Labour Due Diligence Act

Dutch authorities establish a positive duty of care on corporations to ensure their supply chains and contractual relations for the supply and manufacture of goods and services are free from child labour. Critics however worry about the possible distorting effects on competition of Dutch companies and the Dutch economy due to increased administrative burdens. A Dutch company illustrates how even with compliance of the new due diligence law, supply chains may never be free from child labour.

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Personal & National Level Child Advocacy (guest post)

Children who face poverty, neglect, or violence often lack a voice in systems meant to protect them. Advocacy — speaking up and acting on their behalf — is one of the most powerful ways individuals and communities can help these children find safety, stability, and opportunity. Whether through mentoring one child or pushing for nationwide policy reform, everyone can play a part.

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Keep Minnesota children safe in Child Protection

Today’s Safe Passage for Children of MN’s action request to keep children safe in Child Protection: A small effort with big dividends. Share this with your State Representative (find them here). On Monday, a group of us gathered at the Capitol to meet with key legislators about Minnesota’s child protection system. We shared the stories…